Stimulation of Insulin Output by Monosaccharides and Monosaccharide Derivatives

¹ From the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The Chicago Medical School, Chicago 12, Illinois

The ability of various sugars and closely related substances to stimulate insulin secretion was studied by means of pancreatic-femoral cross-circulation experiments between hepatectomized donor dogs and normal recipients. In other experiments, the test substance was injected directly into the pancreatic artery of normal dogs. The administration of d-glucose, d-galactose or d-ribose was followed by a prompt hypoglycemia, suggesting insulin secretion; d-arabinose caused an unexplained delayed hypoglycemia, while d-fructose, d-mannose, d-xylose, l-arabinose, 3-methylglucose, d-glucosamine, galacturonic acid and saline had no effect. The tentative hypothesis that insulin secretion is stimulated by sugars which are both utilizable and insulin-sensitive is offered. No relationship between chemical structure and ability to cause insulin release was found.

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